Editorial de El País: La credibilidad del Papa

Probablemente sea menos llamativo que el debate sobre asuntos doctrinales —como la actitud hacia la homosexualidad o si los sacerdotes podrán casarse—, pero donde el papa Francisco parece estar haciendo una revolución en el Vaticano es en la administración, fundamentalmente en las cuentas de la Santa Sede, hasta hace poco centro de atención de los organismos internacionales encargados de vigilar y prevenir el blanqueo de dinero.

En el punto de mira de Jorge Mario Bergoglio ha estado desde el primer momento el Instituto para las Obras de Religión (IOR), que en principio debía servir de caja para administrar el gasto corriente de la ciudad Estado y algunos de sus organismos. Pero el IOR se había convertido en una entidad no solo similar a cualquier banca privada de inversiones, sino que era utilizada por capitales de dudoso origen para borrar sus trazas en el circuito internacional y por miembros de la curia relacionados por la justicia italiana con escándalos de corrupción.

El Papa ha actuado. Si nos ciñéramos únicamente a la cuenta de resultados, su primer año como banquero no podría arrojar un balance más inquietante: caída en el beneficio del 97%, sustitución del alto ejecutivo encargado de la gestión y anuncio de una drástica reducción de las actividades y objetivos de la entidad.

Pero precisamente la lógica meramente bancaria es algo que ha sido criticado con dureza por Francisco. Lo que el balance convencional no refleja, por ejemplo, es que se han bloqueado las cuentas de 1.239 particulares y 762 empresas u organismos en aras de la transparencia; que el nuevo presidente del IOR, el francés Jean-Baptiste De Franssu, se dedicará “a tiempo completo” a su labor; y que la institución volverá a su labor primigenia de servir de caja de depósitos para la Iglesia y sus instituciones, en vez de jugar como actor en el mercado financiero internacional.

Durante las últimas décadas, el Vaticano ha tenido abiertos varios frentes de escándalo. Uno de los más importantes ha sido precisamente el estado de sus finanzas y su banca. Benedicto XVI ya trató antes de su renuncia de poner algo de orden, con escaso éxito, en un organismo que parecía haber tomado vida propia y ser impermeable a cualquier clase de control. La decisión de Francisco, si mantiene este arranque, hará que el Vaticano pierda en millones pero gane en credibilidad.

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